What is a rhizotomy?

A rhizotomy, also known as selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR), is a surgical procedure used to alleviate chronic pain caused by nerve problems, particularly in the lower back and lower limbs.

During a rhizotomy, a surgeon severs or "burns" certain nerve roots in the spinal cord that are transmitting pain signals to the brain. This is done by using radiofrequency ablation or laser technology to selectively target the specific nerve fibers responsible for the pain. The goal of the procedure is to interrupt the pain signals and provide long-term relief.

Rhizotomy is commonly used to treat conditions such as chronic lower back pain, sciatica, spinal stenosis, facet joint pain, and nerve pain caused by conditions like herniated discs or arthritis. It is usually considered when other conservative treatments, such as medication, physical therapy, or nerve blocks, have failed to provide adequate relief.

The procedure is typically performed under general anesthesia, and the surgeon uses X-ray guidance to precisely locate the targeted nerve roots. Once the nerves are located, the surgeon applies the ablation or laser energy to destroy the specific nerve fibers causing pain. Afterward, the surgical incisions are closed, and the patient is monitored before being discharged to recover at home.

Recovery from a rhizotomy varies depending on the individual, but most patients experience some pain and numbness for a few weeks after the procedure. Physical therapy is often recommended to regain strength and mobility. The full effect of the rhizotomy may take several months to manifest, and some patients may require multiple procedures to achieve optimal pain relief.

As with any surgical procedure, rhizotomy carries potential risks and complications, including infection, nerve damage, bleeding, and, in rare cases, paralysis. It is essential for patients to discuss the potential benefits and risks with their healthcare provider before deciding to undergo a rhizotomy.

Overall, rhizotomy can be an effective treatment option for individuals suffering from chronic nerve pain that hasn't responded to more conservative measures, providing relief and improving quality of life. However, it is important for each patient to consult with a medical professional to determine if it is a suitable treatment option for their specific condition.